James J. Elser
Ecology, Biological Stoichiometry, Evolutionary Ecology, Limnology
Dr. Elser's research involves the integrative field of biological stoichiometry, the study of balance of energy and multiple chemical elements in living systems. While this work is primarily ecological in focus and includes studies of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and biota, the approach uses an evolutionary perspective to integrate levels of organization from the molecule and cell to the ecosystem. Specific studies involve observational and experimental studies at various scales, including laboratory cultures, short-term field experiments and sustained whole-ecosystem manipulations. Over the years, field sites have included the Experimental Lakes Area in Ontario, Canada; lakes of the Arctic; lakes, forests, and grasslands of the upper Midwest; desert springs in Mexico's Chihuahuan Desert; and the surrounding Sonoran Desert. In addition, Dr. Elser collaborates extensively with mathematicians in developing quantitative theoretical approaches to these questions. He has recently directed a large, interdisciplinary project investigating the connections among C:N:P stoichiometry, growth rate, rRNA physiology and genetics, and ecological dynamics in diverse biota and ecosystems ("Biological Stoichiometry from Genes to Ecosystems"). Currently, an NSF/NIH project extends these ideas to consider cancer and infectious disease from a stoichiometric perspective.Selected Publications Since 1998
Elser, J.J., T. Andersen, J.S. Baron, A.-K. Bergström, M. Jansson, M.
Kyle, K.R. Nydick, L. Steger, and D.O. Hessen. Shifts in lake N:P stoichiometry and phytoplankton nutrient limitation driven by atmospheric nitrogen deposition. Science: in press.
McCrackin, M., and J.J. Elser. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition influences denitrification and nitrous oxide production in lakes.
Ecology: in press.
Elser, J.J., M. Kyle, L. Steger, K.R. Nydick and J.S. Baron. Nutrient availability and phytoplankton nutrient limitation across a gradient of atmospheric nitrogen deposition. Ecology: in press.
Mulder, C., and J.J. Elser. 2009. Biological stoichiometry and the regulation of soil fauna biomass spectra. Global Change Biology:
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01899.x.
Sterner, R.W., and J.J. Elser. 2009. Ecological stoichiometry. In:
Princeton Guide to Ecology, S.R. Carpenter, B. Walker, S.A. Levin, D.S.
Wilcove, A.P. Kinzig (Editors), Princeton University Press.
Hillebrand, H., E. T. Borer, M. E. S. Bracken, B. J. Cardinale, J.
Cebrian, E. E. Cleland, K. Cottingham, J.J. Elser , D. S. Gruner, W. S.
Harpole, C. de Mazancourt, J. T. Ngai, S. Sandin, E. W. Seabloom, J. B.
Shurin, J. E. Smith, M. D. Smith, and E. M. Wolkovich. 2009. Metabolic and stoichiometric constraints on herbivory across organisms and ecosystems. Ecology Letters 12: 516-527.
Acquisti C., S. Kumar, and Elser J.J. 2009. From elements to biological processes: signatures of nitrogen limitation in the elemental composition of the catabolic apparatus. Proc. R. Soc. B 276: 2605-2610.
doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.1960.
Acquisti, C., J.J. Elser, and S. Kumar. 2009. Ecological nitrogen limitation shapes the DNA composition of plant genomes. Mol. Biol.
Evol. 26: 953-956.
Hessen, D.O., M. Venture, and J.J. Elser. 2008. Does variation in genome size reflect cellular competition for P between DNA and RNA? Genome 51: 685-691.
Souza, V., L. Eguiarte, J. Siefert, and J.J. Elser. 2008. Microbial endemism: does nutrient limitation enhance speciation? Nature Reviews Microbiology 6: 559-564. (Invited Opinion article)
Gruner, D.S., J.E. Smith, E.W. Seabloom, S.A. Sandin, J.T. Ngai, H. Hillebrand, W.S. Harpole, J.J. Elser, E.E. Cleland, M.E.S. Bracken, E.T. Borer, B.M. Bolker. 2008. A cross-system synthesis of herbivore and nutrient resource control on producer biomass. Ecology Letters 11: 740–755
Sterner, R.W., T. Andersen, J. J. Elser, D.O. Hessen, J. Hood, E. McCauley, and J Urabe. Scale-dependent carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus seston stoichiometry in marine and freshwaters. Limnol. Oceanogr. 53: 1169-1180.
Hessen, D.O., T.C. Jensen, M. Kyle, and J.J. Elser. 2007. RNA responses to N- and P-limitation: reciprocal regulation of stoichiometry and growth rate in Brachionus. Functional Ecology 21: 956–962.
Wang, H., H.L. Smith, Y. Kuang, and J.J. Elser. 2007. Dynamics of stoichiometric bacteria-algae interactions in the epilimnion. SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics 68: 503-522
Elser, J.J., M.E.S. Bracken, E.E. Cleland, D.S. Gruner, W.S. Harpole, H. Hillebrand, J.T. Ngai, E.W. Seabloom, J.B. Shurin, and J.E. Smith. 2007. Global analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus limitation of primary production in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems. Ecology Letters 10: 1135-1142. *Highlighted in News and Views article in Nature. *Highlighted by Faculty of 1000 (Biology)
Hillebrand, H., D. S. Gruner,, E. Borer, M.E.S. Bracken, E.E. Cleland, J.J. Elser, W.S. Harpole, J.T. Ngai, E.W. Seabloom, J.B. Shurin, J.E. Smith. 2007. Plant community structure and ecosystem productivity regulate the intrinsic control of plant diversity across major ecosystem types. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 10904-10909. *Highlighted by Faculty of 1000 (Biology)
Elser, J.J., M. Kyle, M. Smith, and J. Nagy. 2007. Biological stoichiometry in human cancer. PLoS ONE 2: e1028. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001028
Elser, J.J., and A.L. Hamilton. 2007. Stoichiometry and the new biology: the future is now. PLoS Biology 5: e181.doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050181 *Invited essay
Novotny, A., J.D. Schade, M. Kyle, A. Kay, S. Hobbie, P. Reich, and J.J. Elser. 2007. Stoichiometric response of nitrogen-fixing and non-fixing dicots to manipulations of CO2, nitrogen, and diversity. Oecologia 151: 687-696. *Highlighted by Faculty of 1000 (Biology)
Clasen, J.L., and J.J. Elser. 2007. The effect of host Chlorella NC64a carbon:phosphorus ratio on production of Paramecium Chlorella virus-1. Freshwater Biol. 52: 112-122.
Elser, J.J. 2006. Biological stoichiometry: a chemical bridge between ecosystem ecology and evolutionary biology. The American Naturalist 168: S25-S35.
Kyle, M., K. Acharya, L.J. Weider, K. Looper, and J.J. Elser. 2006. Coupling of growth rate and body stoichiometry in Daphnia: a role for maintenance processes? Freshwater Biol. 51: 2087-2095.
Bertram, S., J.D. Schade, and J.J. Elser. 2006. Signaling and phosphorus: correlations between mate signaling effort and body elemental composition in crickets. Animal Behavior 72: 899-907
Kerkhoff, A., W.F. Fagan, J.J. Elser, and B.J. Enquist. 2006. Phylogenetic and functional variation in the scaling of nitrogen and phosphorus in the seed plants. The American Naturalist. 168: E103-E122.
Elser, J.J., W.F. Fagan, S. Subramanian, and S. Kumar. 2006. Signatures of ecological resource availability in the animal and plant proteomes. Molecular Biology and Evolution 23: 10.1093. *Featured as an "Editor's Choice:Highlights of the Recent Literature" in Science magazine.
Elser, J.J., T. Watts, and T.A. Markow. 2006. Ontogenetic coupling among growth rate, RNA allocation, and P content in five species of Drosophila. Func. Ecol. 20: 846-856.
Acharya, K., P. A. Bukaveckas, J. D. Jack, M. Kyle, and J. J. Elser. 2006. Consumer growth linked to diet and RNA – P stoichiometry: Response of Bosmina to natural and experimental variation in food resources. Limnol. Oceanogr. 51: 1859-1869.
Boersma, M., and J.J. Elser. 2006. Too much of a good thing: on balanced diets and maximal growth. Ecology 87: 1325-1330.
Watts, T., H.A. Woods, S. Hargand, J.J. Elser, and T.A. Markow. 2006. Biological stoichiometry of growth in Drosophila melanogaster. J. Insect Sci. 52: 187-193.
Souza, V., L. Espinosa-Asur, A Escalante, L.E. Eguiarte, J. Farmer, L. Forney, L. Lloret, J. M Rodríguez Martínez, X. Soberon, R. Dirzo, and J.J. Elser. 2006. An endangered oasis of aquatic microbial biodiversity in the Chihuahuan desert. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 6565-6570.
Elser, J.J., J. Watts, J.H. Schampel, and J. Farmer. 2006. Early food-webs on a trophic knife-edge? Experimental data from a modern microbialite-based ecosystem. Ecology Letters 9: 295-303.
Weider, L. J., W. Makino, K. Acharya, K. L. Glenn, M. Kyle, J. Urabe, and J. J. Elser. 2005. Genotype x environment interactions, stoichiometric food quality effects, and clonal coexistence in Daphnia pulex. Oecologia 143:537-547.
Kuang, Y, W. Fan, I. Loladze, and J. J. Elser. 2005. Dynamics of a stoichiometric discrete producer-grazer model. J. Diff. Equat. Analysis 11: 347-364
Gillooly, J.F., A.P. Allen, J.H. Brown, J.J. Elser, V.M. Savage, G.B. West, W.H. Woodruff, and H.A. Woods. 2005. The metabolic basis of whole-organism RNA and phosphorus stoichiometry. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 11923 – 11927.
Weider, L.J., J.J. Elser, T.J. Crease, M. Mateos, T.M. Markow, and J.B. Cotner. 2005. Functional significance of ribosomal (r)DNA variation in the ecology of organisms. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 36: 219-242.
Kerkhoff, A.J., Enquist, B.J., J.J. Elser, J.J., W.F. Fagan. 2005. Plant allometry, stoichiometry and the temperature-dependence of terrestrial primary production. Global Ecology and Biogeography 14: 585-598.
Elser, J.J., J. H. Schampel, F. Garcia-Pichel, B. Wade, V. Souza, L. Eguiarte, A. Escalante, and J. Farmer. 2005. Effects of PO4 enrichment and grazing snails on microbial communities in an ecosystem with living stromatolites. Freshwater Biol. 50: 1808-1825.
Elser, J.J., J. H. Schampel, M. Kyle, J. Watts, E. Carson, T. Dowling, C. Tang, and P. Roopnarine. 2005. Effects of PO4 enrichment of microbial communities on hydrobiid snails in an ecosystem with living stromatolites. Freshwater Biol. 50: 1826-1835.
Fan, M., I. Loladze, Y. Kuang and J. J. Elser. 2005. Dynamics of a stoichiometric discrete producer-grazer model. J. Difference Equations and Applications 11: 347–364.
Elser, J.J., and D.O. Hessen. 2005. Biosimplicity via stoichiometry: the evolution of food-web structure and processes. Chapter 1 (pages 7-18) in: Aquatic Food Webs: an Ecosystem Approach, A. Belgrano, U. Scharler, J. Dunne, and R. Ulanowicz (eds), Oxford University Press.
Hessen, D. O., and J. J. Elser. 2005. Elements of ecology and evolution. Oikos 109: 3-5.
Anderson, T.R., D.O. Hessen, J.J. Elser, and J. Urabe. 2005. Metabolic stoichiometry and the fate of excess carbon and nutrients in consumers. Am. Nat. 165: 1-15.
Woods, A., W.F. Fagan, J.F. Harrison, and J.J. Elser. 2004. Allometric and taxonomic-dependence of phosphorus content in insects and arachnids. Functional Ecology 18: 103-109.
Andersen, T., J.J. Elser, and D.O. Hessen. 2004. Stoichiometry and population dynamics. Ecology Letters 7: 884-900.
Miller, C.R., Y. Kuang, W.F. Fagan, and J.J. Elser. 2004. Modeling and analysis of stoichiometric two-patch consumer-resource systems. Math. Biosciences 189: 153-184.
Kuang, Y, J. Huisman, and J.J. Elser. 2004. Stoichiometric plant-herbivore models and their interpretation. Math. Biosci. Engin. 1: 215-222.
Hessen, D.O., G. I. Ågren, T.R. Anderson, J. J. Elser, and P. De Reuter. 2004. Carbon sequestration in ecosystems: the role of stoichiometry. Ecology 85: 1179-1192.
Vrede, T., D.R. Dobberfuhl, S.A.L.M. Kooijman, and J.J. Elser. 2004. The stoichiometry of production: functional connections among organism C:N:P stoichiometry, macromolecular composition, and growth rate. Ecology 85: 1217-1229.
Kerfoot, W.C., G. Mittelbach, N.G. Hairston, Jr., and J.J. Elser. 2004. Biocomplexity in aquatic ecosystems: overview. Limnol. Oceanogr..49: 1225-1228.
Acharya, K., M. Kyle, and J. J. Elser. 2004. Biological stoichiometry of Daphnia growth: an ecophysiological test of the growth rate hypothesis. Limnol. Oceanogr. 49: 656-665.
Acharya, K., M. Kyle, and J. J. Elser. 2004. Effects of stoichiometric dietary mixing on Daphnia growth and reproduction. Oecologia 138: 333-340.
Weider, L.J., K.L. Glenn, M. Kyle, and J.J. Elser. 2004. Associations among ribosomal (r)DNA intergenic spacer length, growth rate, and C:N:P stoichiometry in the genus Daphnia. Limnol. Oceanogr. 49:656-665.
Perkins, M.C. H.A. Woods, J.F. Harrison, and J.J. Elser. 2004. Dietary phosphorus affects the growth of larval Manduca sexta Arch. Insect Biochem. 55: 153-168.
Loladze, I., Y. Kuang, J.J. Elser, and W.F. Fagan. 2004. Competition and stoichiometry: coexistence of two predators on one prey. J. Theor. Biol. 65: 1-15.
Riisgard HU, Kinne O, Fenchel T, Fee E, Hesslein R, Elser J, Scranton M, Cole J, Hairston N, Canuel E, Glud R, Nielsen C, Beninger P, Waagbo R, Hemre GI, Hulata G, Hoisaeter T, McLusky D, Kneib R, Shumway S, Warwick R, Hagerman L, Larsen PS, Ott J, Dworschak PC, Boero F, Gili JM, Philippart K, Seaman M. 2003. Misuse of the peer-review system: time for countermeasures? Mar. Ecol. Prog. Series 258: 297-309
Yoshida T., J. Urabe, and J.J. Elser. 2003. Assessment of 'top-down' and 'bottom-up' forces as determinants of rotifer distribution among lakes in Ontario, Canada. Ecol. Res. 18: 639-650. *This paper won the Ecological Research Award of the Japanese Ecology Society, awarded to the best 3 papers published in Ecological Research in a given year.
Elser, J.J. 2003. Biological stoichiometry: a theoretical framework connecting ecosystem ecology, evolution, and biochemistry for application in astrobiology. International Journal of Astrobiology 2:185-193.
Elser, J.J., J. Nagy, and Y. Kuang. 2003. Biological stoichiometry: an ecological perspective on tumor dynamics. BioScience 53: 1112-1120.
Elser, J.J., K. Acharya, M. Kyle, J. Cotner, W. Makino, T. Markow, T. Watts, S. Hobbie, W. Fagan, J. Schade, and R.W. Sterner. 2003. Growth rate – stoichiometry couplings in diverse biota. Ecology Letters 6: 936-943.
Ågren, G.I., D.O. Hessen, T.R. Anderson, J.J. Elser, P. De Reuter. 2003. Element interactions: theoretical considerations. In: Interactions of the Major Biogeochemical Cycles - Global Change and Human Impacts, SCOPE 61. Melillo, M., Field, C B. Moldan B. (eds.). Island Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 135-150.
Urabe, J., J. Togari, and J.J. Elser. 2003. Stoichiometric impacts of increased carbon dioxide on a planktonic herbivore. Global Change Biology 9: 818-825.
Kuang, Y, J. Nagy, and J.J. Elser. 2003. Biological stoichiometry of tumor dynamics: mathematical models and analysis. Discr. Cont. Dynam. Systems, B 4: 221-240.
Woods, H.A., W. Makino, J.B. Cotner, S. Hobbie, J.F. Harrison, K. Acharya, and J.J. Elser. 2003. Temperature shifts cause systematic changes in chemical composition of ectothermic organisms. Func. Ecology 17: 237-245.
Frost, P.C., S. Tank, M.A. Turner, and J.J. Elser. 2003. Elemental composition of littoral invertebrates from oligotrophic and eutrophic Canadian lakes. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 22: 51-62.
Elser, J.J., M. Kyle, W. Makino, T. Yoshida, and J. Urabe. 2003. Algal and bacterial resource limitation and the microbial food web: a test of the light:nutrient hypothesis. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 31: 49-65.
Makino, W., J. B. Cotner, R.W. Sterner, and J.J. Elser. 2003. Are bacteria more like plants or animals? Growth rate and substrate dependence of bacterial C:N:P stoichiometry. Func. Ecology 17:121-130.
Schade, J., M. Kyle, S. Hobbie, W. Fagan, and J.J. Elser. 2003. Stoichiometric tracking of soil nutrients by a desert insect herbivore. Ecology Letters 6: 96-101.
Kyle M., T. Watts, J. Schade, and J.J. Elser. 2003. A microfluorometric method for quantifying RNA and DNA in terrestrial insects 7 pp. Journal of Insect Science, 3.1. Available online: insectscience.org/3.1
Elser, J.J., M. Kyle, P. Frost, J. Urabe, and T. Andersen. 2002. Effects of light and nutrients on plankton stoichiometry and biomass in a P-limited lake. Hydrobiologia 481: 101-112.
Urabe, J., W. Makino, K. Hayakawa, and J. J. Elser. 2002. Food quality determinants for Daphnia growth in P-limited lakes. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 28: 1-6.
Gorokhova, E., T.A. Dowling, T. Crease, L.J. Weider, and J.J. Elser. 2002. Functional and ecological significance of rDNA IGS variation in a clonal organism under divergent selection for production rate. Proc. Roy. Acad. Lond B 269: 2373-2379.
Fagan, W.F., E.H. Siemann, R.F. Denno, C. Mitter, A. Huberty, H.A. Woods, and J.J. Elser. 2002. Nitrogen in insects: implications for trophic complexity and species diversification. The American Naturalist 160: 784-802.
Frost, P.C., R.S. Stelzer, G.A. Lamberti, and J.J. Elser. 2002. Ecological stoichiometry of trophic interactions in the benthos: Understanding the role of C:N:P ratios in lentic and lotic habitats. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 21: 515-528.
Dobberfuhl, D.A., and J.J. Elser. 2002. Distribution and potential competitive effects of an exotic zooplankter (Daphnia lumholtzi) in Arizona reservoirs. J. Arizona-Nevada Acad. Sci. 342: 89-94.
Woods, H.A., M.C. Perkins, J.J. Elser, and J.F. Harrison. 2002. Absorption and storage of phosphorus by larval Manduca sexta. J. Insect Phys. 48: 555-564.
Urabe, J., J.J. Elser, M. Kyle, T. Sekino and Z. Kawabata. 2002. Herbivorous animals can mitigate unfavorable ratios of energy and material supplies by enhancing nutrient recycling. Ecology Letters 5: 177-185.
Frost, P.C., and J.J. Elser. 2002. Growth responses of littoral mayflies to the phosphorus content of their food. Ecology Letters 5: 232-241.
Urabe, J., M. Kyle, W. Makino, T. Yoshida, T. Andersen, and J.J. Elser. 2002. Reduced light increases herbivore production due to stoichiometric effects of light:nutrient balance. Ecology 83: 619-627.
Xenopoulos, M.A., P.C. Frost, and J.J. Elser. 2002. Joint effects of ultraviolet radiation and phosphorus supply on phytoplankton growth rate and elemental composition. Ecology 83: 423-435.
Makino, W., J. Urabe, J.J. Elser, and C. Yoshimizu. 2002. Evidence of phosphorus-limited individual and population growth of Daphnia in a Canadian Shield lake. OIKOS 96: 197-205.
Frost, P.C., J.J. Elser, and M.A. Turner. 2002. Effects of caddisfly grazers on the elemental composition of epilithon in a boreal lake. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 21: 54-63.
Frost, P.C., J.J. Elser, and M.A. Turner. 2002. Effects of light and nutrients on the accumulation and elemental composition of epilithon in boreal lakes. Freshwater Biology 47: 173-184.
Sterner, R.W. and J.J. Elser (order of authorship determined by coin flip). 2002. Ecological Stoichiometry: The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
Sterner, R.W., J.H. Schampel, K.L. Schulz, A.E. Galford, and J.J. Elser. 2001. Joint variation of zooplankton and seston stoichiometry in lakes and reservoirs. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 27: 2996-3000.
Elser, J.J., L. Gudex, M. Kyle, T. Ishikawa, and J. Urabe. 2001. Effects of zooplankton on nutrient availability and seston C:N:P stoichiometry in inshore waters of Lake Biwa, Japan. Limnology 2: 91-100.
Muller, E., R.M. Nisbet, S.A.L.M. Kooijman, J.J. Elser, and E. McCauley. 2001. Stoichiometric food quality and herbivore dynamics. Ecology Letters 4: 519-529.
Elser, J.J., H. Hayakawa, and J. Urabe. 2001. Nutrient limitation reduces food quality for zooplankton: Daphnia response to seston phosphorus enrichment. Ecology 82: 898-903.
Dobberfuhl, D.A., and J.J. Elser. 2000. Inferring threshold stoichiometric food quality from first principles: the influence of life-history strategy and maximum assimilation efficiencies of C and P. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 27: 834-838.
Elser, J.J. 2000. Stoichiometric analysis of pelagic ecosystems: the biogeochemistry of planktonic food webs. Pages 389-406 in: Sala, O.E., R.B. Jackson, H.A. Mooney, R. Howarth (editors). Methods in Ecosystem Science. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Loladze, I, Y. Kuang, and J.J. Elser. 2000. Stoichiometry in producer-grazer systems: linking energy flow and element cycling. Bull. Math. Biol. 62: 1137–1162. *One of the top 10 most cited papers in BMB since 1999.
Elser, J.J., W.F. Fagan, R.F. Denno, D.R. Dobberfuhl, A. Folarin, A. Huberty, S. Interlandi, S.S. Kilham, E. McCauley, K.L. Schulz, E.H. Siemann, and R.W. Sterner. 2000. Nutritional constraints in terrestrial and freshwater food webs. Nature 408: 578-580.
IGBP Working Group on Carbon and Nutrients (Co-chairs and lead authors: P. Falkowski and R.J. Scholes; Members: E. Boyle, J. Canadell, D. Canfield, J. Elser, N. Gruber, K. Hibbard, P. Högberg, S. Linder, F.T. Mackenzie, B. Moore III, T. Pedersen, Y. Rosenthal, S. Seitzinger, V. Smetacek, W. Steffen). The global carbon cycle: a test of our knowledge of Earth as a system. Science 290: 291-296.
Elser, J.J., R.W. Sterner, E. Gorokhova, W.F. Fagan, T.A. Markow, J.B. Cotner, J.F. Harrison, S.E. Hobbie, G.M. Odell, L.J. Weider. 2000. Biological stoichiometry from genes to ecosystems. Ecology Letters 3: 540-550.
Elser, J.J. From sea to lake to land: ecological stoichiometry and the flow of energy and matter in ecosystems. Trends Ecol. Evol. 15: 393-394 (meeting summary)
Elser, J.J, T. Dowling, D.A. Dobberfuhl and J. O’Brien. 2000. The evolution of ecosystem processes: ecological stoichiometry of a key herbivore in temperate and arctic habitats. J. Evol. Biol. 13: 845-853.
Dobberfuhl, D.R., and J.J. Elser. 2000. Ecological stoichiometry of lower food web components in temperate and arctic lakes. J. Plankton Res. 22: 1341-1354.
Elser, J.J., R.W. Sterner, A.E. Galford, T.H. Chrzanowski, D.L. Findlay, K.H. Mills, M.J. Paterson, M.P. Stainton, and D.W. Schindler. 2000. Pelagic C:N:P stoichiometry in a eutrophied lake: responses to a whole-lake food-web manipulation. Ecosystems 3: 293-
Downing, J.A., M. McClain, R. Twilley, J.M. Melack, J.J. Elser, N.N. Rabalais, W.M. Lewis, Jr., R.E. Turner, J. Corredor, D. Soto, A. Yanez-Arancibia, J.A. Kopaska, and R.W. Howarth. 1999. The impact of accelerating land-use change on the N-cycle of tropical aquatic ecosystems: current conditions and projected changes. Biogeochemistry 46: 109-148.
Elser, J.J. 1999. The pathway to noxious cyanobacteria blooms in lakes: the food web as the final turn. Freshwater Biology 42: 537-543.
Dobberfuhl, D.A., and J.J. Elser. 1999. Development of dried algae food for use in zooplankton growth and nutrient release studies. J. Plankton Res. 21: 957-970.
Jeremiason, J.D., S.J. Eisenreich, M.J. Paterson, K.G. Beaty, R. Hecky, and J.J. Elser. 1999. Biogeochemical cycling of PCBs in lakes of variable trophic status: a paired-lake experiment. Limnol. Oceanogr. 44: 889-902.
Markow, T.A., B. Raphael, D. Dobberfuhl, C.M. Breitmeyer, J.J. Elser, and E. Pfeiler. Elemental stoichiometry of Drosophila and their hosts. 1999. Functional Ecology 13: 78-84.
Elser, J.J., and J. Urabe. 1999. The stoichiometry of consumer-driven nutrient recycling: theory, observations, and consequences. Ecology 80: 745-751. *This paper was highlighted in the September 1999 issue of the SCOPE newsletter (published by the Centre Europeen D'Etudes Des Polyphosphates)
Elser, J.J. Catalyst for paradigmatic change. 1998. Limnol. Oceanogr. 43: 1401-1402 (book review)
Pfeiler, E., V.A. Lindley, and J.J. Elser. 1998. Elemental (C, N, and P) analysis of metamorphosing bonefish leptocephali: relationship to catabolism of endogenous organic compounds, tissue remodeling, and feeding ecology. Mar. Biol. 132: 21-28.
Elser, J.J., and D.K. Foster. 1998. N:P stoichiometry of sedimentation in lakes of the Canadian Shield: relationships with seston and zooplankton elemental composition. Écoscience 5: 56-63.
MacKay, N.A., and J.J. Elser. 1998. Factors that may prevent a trophic cascade: food quality, invertebrate predation, and their interaction. Limnol. Oceanogr. 43: 339-347.
MacKay, N.A., and J.J. Elser. 1998. Differential nutrient recycling by Daphnia reduces nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria. Limnol. Oceanogr. 43: 347-354.
Elser, J.J., T.H. Chrzanowski, R.W. Sterner, and K. Mills. 1998. Stoichiometric constraints on food web dynamics: a whole-lake experiment on the Canadian Shield. Ecosystems 1: 120-136.